It depends on the type and the molecular weight of the compound; with the shortest column, on average, at least 500 mg is reduced, but we have reduced up to 10g of certain compounds without any catalyst deactivation.
Marginally Suitable (these solvents do not attack the PEEK tubing but may cause swelling which may weaken the PEEK tubing)
Not recommended (these chemicals will attack the PEEK tubing)
Not recommended:
Usual solvents to be used are: EtOH, MeOH.
The guarantee for the cell is one year.
It is separated from the hydrogen by an SPE (Solid Polymer Electrolyte) membrane, and then recycled back out of cell with the water and is vented out the back of the instrument.
If you describe what you want, ThalesNano can prepare it for you. Ask info@thalesnano.com [1] for details.
When full, the water reservoir has enough water to generate hydrogen for a full working week. However, for the sake of procedure, we recommend you check the water level every day, e.g. every morning before you start working with H-Cube®. The stainless steel model has a water level monitor on the touch screen.
Yes. A message will appear warning the user that the water tank is empty and the user will not be allowed to operate the H-Cube® until the water tank has been refilled.
The membrane inside the cell will dry out and it eventually causes the cell to malfunction.
99.99% H2. A water separator is responsible for the removal of H2O.
A deactivating vial containing a solution of sodium hydrogen sulfite comes with a CatCart® purchase. Once the CatCart® is finished with, it is placed in the deactivation vial and this renders the catalyst non-pyrophoric. You can dispose of the deactivated cartridge in the same way as you would heterogeneous catalyst from a batch reactor.
The internal volume of hydrogen at 1 bar is approximately 3 cm3, therefore at 100 bar is 300 cm3.
If enough washing with fresh solvent and hydrogen is allowed between samples, e.g. 10 ml, to wash off any residual product from the column there will be no cross-contamination. The amount of solvent used depends on how polar the compound is and the type of solvent used.
No, because the amount of O2 is too small.
The user can vary the pressure of hydrogen (Henry's Law), temperature or use a more selective catalyst from the list.
30 cm3/min (in Full H2 mode).
Approximately 2.5 cm3 including the CatCart®, therefore the time taken for the compound to pass through the reactor at 1mL/min is 2.5 minutes.
A selection of poisoned catalysts for selective reduction are available, including Lindlar's catalyst and Pt sulfided catalysts.
In certain reactions, the product formed, e.g. primary amine, will bind strongly to the catalyst leading to deactivation overtime. In the H-Cube®, the deactivation will take place over a longer period of time because the deactivating product is always flowed out of the catalyst, so the product has a very short residence time on the catalyst. In a batch reactor, the product, starting material, and catalyst mixture are always in contact with each other throughout the entire experiment, so as the product concentration increases the deactivation of the catalyst will also increase.
You can either try one of the validation reactions (e.g. 5-nitroindole reduction), or you can make your reactions in more fractions, test the result of each, and recycle back the non-reduced fraction on a new column.
There is a H2 detector, which automatically shuts down the H-Cube® when hydrogen is detected. The power supply is located in a separate unit outside of the H-Cube® box to remove the risk of sparks.
No, but the HPLC pump cannot generate more than 200 bars, and the machine is tested to survive that pressure. Also, a pressure which is too much for the HPLC pump is indicated on the flow rate display with a blinking “57”, and the pump will stop, which results in the quick drop of the pressure.
Links:
[1] mailto:info@thalesnano.com